Picture "For Bitterfeld" (1990)

Art historian Jürgen Schweinebraden says about A. R. Penck: "The world of his paintings is populated by magical elements, animal symbols, mythical creatures with evocative gestures. Rationalism and irrationalism show in fascinating variation, often allegorically encoded, the power and powerlessness of humans in the world they have created."

His Prints, which are rarely shown in exhibitions, are of particular importance in the artist's oeuvre. For his extensive print work, Penck formulated, re-examined and varied pictorial ideas from previously developed paintings.

Penck was born as Ralf Winkler on 5 October 1939 in Dresden. His artistic activity in East Germany, which he left for good in 1980, led him to repeatedly adopt pseudonyms: 1973 Mike Hammer; 1974-76 TM; 1976 Y.

After taking several painting and drawing lessons in 1953-56 in Dresden, he applied unsuccessfully to art colleges. He then managed to get by with evening classes at the Dresden college and some occasional work. His first realistic pictures were still strongly influenced by the style of Rembrandt and the early Picasso. It was not until 1961 that he turned away from the realistic painting style. He created the so-called system pictures, which are with symbolic abbreviations reduced representations of people. They are supposed to depict basic interpersonal relationships.

This was followed by a period of study of cybernetics and information theory. As a continuation of this, he created the concept "Standarte" from 1968 to 1974. Afterwards, he created his first expressive sculptures made of felt or wood.

His friendship with Jörg Immendorff is reflected in an intensive collaboration from 1976. The following year Penck began creating his first etchings. Silkscreen portfolios and self-designed books were produced. The move to Cologne in 1980 initiated the series "Standarte-West". In 1983, A.R. Penck moved to London and in 1985, he received the Aachen Art Prize. In 1988, he was appointed professor of painting at the Academy of Arts in Düsseldorf. Since his retirement in 2003, the artist lived and worked in Dublin, Ireland. A.R. Penck passed away in 2017.